L’espace agricole à Ouessant du milieu du XIXe siècle à nos jours: organisation et évolution

Résumé Br En Fr

Achu gant an distro ma oa enni inisi Breizh, eo bet eilpennet iwe o reizhiad sokial-hag-ekonomikel a-gozh. Ewid pezh a sell Enes-Eussa, ez eus bet un diskar, ha war-lerc’h, un diles a-grenn eus al labour-douar, ha lakaet an douaroù da gozhañ. Ma vez sellet a-vras ouzh an doare m’eo kempennet douaroù Enes-Eussa hiziw an deiz, hag er mare ma oant lakaet da dalvezoud en o gwellañ (e-kreis an 19ed kantved), e c’heller sevel ar reolennoù eus kement-se, ha lakaad war wel an emdroadur a zo bet.

Since the Breton Isles are no longer truly isolated from Brittany, the traditional socio-economic system has been completely overturned. In the case of the Ushant Island, this was clearly evidenced by an initial decline of agricultural activity and a subsequent renunciation of it, with the creation of much fallow land being the result. In sketching the present layout of the land of Ushant and its organization during the era when it was most intensively exploited (in the middle of the 19th century), we can extract the rules of this organization and reveal its evolution.

La rupture de l’isolement des îles bretonnes a bouleversé le système socioéconomique traditionnel. Dans le cas ouessantin cela s’est notamment traduit par un déclin puis un abandon de l’agriculture, au profit de l’enfrichement. En modélisant l’organisation de l’espace d’Ouessanti aujourd’hui et à l’époque de sa plus intense mise en valeur (milieu du XIXe siècle) on peut en dégager les règles, et mettre en évidence son évolution.