1988
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André Lebon, « La présence étrangère en Europe occidentale - Dénombrement et méthode », Revue française d'administration publique (documents), ID : 10.3406/rfap.1988.2070
Alien Census-Taking and Statistical Methods in Western Europe. With the exception of the UK, which ignores ‘alien’ as a statistical criterion, there are almost 12 500 000 aliens legally resident in Western Europe. Statistical analysis also reveals that (a) aliens constitute a non-negligible subpopulation in both host and source countries, and (b) individual nationalities are concentrated in different host countries. Detailed analysis requires a clear definition of the alien categories included and excluded for statistical purposes as well as the statistical techniques applied. Another serious issue is that the term ‘alien’ is becoming unworkable and will have to be re-defined or replaced.