Bailleul et sa première révolution ou les facteurs du changement (7 mars 1789 - 7 juillet 1792)

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1989

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Jocelyn Lemarié, « Bailleul et sa première révolution ou les facteurs du changement (7 mars 1789 - 7 juillet 1792) », Revue du Nord, ID : 10.3406/rnord.1989.4472


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The article shows the importance of the first years of the Revolution in Bailleul. After a survey of the situation in 1789 in which one stresses the complexity of the structures at work, the political and economic obstacles and stumbling blocks, the deeply felt attachment to tradition, a second part demonstrates that the sources of conflict which first came to light in the XVIIIth century willl brutally come forward in the open at the time or the Etats Généraux and the first elections. The «Présidial» and the propinquity of foreign territory played a leading part. In its search for its identity, the city seems to accept moderate change at least until it is stunned by the civilian constitution of the clergy. The refusal of this constitution leads to the riots of 1 and 2 June 1791. At that time, the political community splits into two diametrically opposed wills : a conservative, later counter-revolutionary, group only too eager to promote a return to the «good old» days of the indépendant city, another one wishing to develop an urban commune linked to the national Revolution and daughter of the Nation. It will only be through the counterrevolutionaries' drift and the action of the department that the city will definitely part with counter-revolution and develop an original process far from model of Cassel.

The article shows the importance of the first years of the Revolution in Bailleul. After a survey of the situation in 1789 in which one stresses the complexity of the structures at work, the political and economic obstacles and stumbling blocks, the deeply felt attachment to tradition, a second part demonstrates that the sources of conflict which first came to light in the XVIIIth century willl brutally come forward in the open at the time or the Etats Généraux and the first elections. The «Présidial» and the propinquity of foreign territory played a leading part. In its search for its identity, the city seems to accept moderate change at least until it is stunned by the civilian constitution of the clergy. The refusal of this constitution leads to the riots of 1 and 2 June 1791. At that time, the political community splits into two diametrically opposed wills : a conservative, later counter-revolutionary, group only too eager to promote a return to the «good old» days of the indépendant city, another one wishing to develop an urban commune linked to the national Revolution and daughter of the Nation. It will only be through the counterrevolutionaries' drift and the action of the department that the city will definitely part with counter-revolution and develop an original process far from model of Cassel.

Het eerste deel van deze studie behandelt de situatie in 1789, de complexe plaatselijke structuren, de politieke en ekonomische patstelling en de ingeboren gehechtheid aan dé traditie. In het tweede deel toont men dat de conflictbronnen uit de 18de eeuw in de période van de Staten Generaal en tijdens de eerste verkiezingen tot uitbarsting komen. De rechtbank van de baljuw en de nabijheid van de grens spelen een grote roi. De stad zoekt een eigen identiteit en geeft de indruk de veranderingen te aanvaarden tot de schok komt van de burgerlijke constitutie van de geestelijkheid. Dat veroorzaakt een oproer op 1 en 2 juni 1791- Daarna is de politieke wereld in twee onverzoenbare kampen verdeeld : een conservatieve groep -de latere contrarevolutionairen- die alleen de terugkeer naar de tijd van de vrije «goede stad» wenst, en een andere groep die de stad ziet als een element in de nationale revolutie en een deel van de natie. Het uit de hand lopen van de contrarevolutie en de aktie van het département hebben als gevolg dat de stad tenslotte opteert voor een eigen weg die verschilt van wat in Kassel gebeurt.

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