Changements linguistiques en bosniaque-croate-monténégrin-serbe

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2008

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Paul-Louis Thomas, « Changements linguistiques en bosniaque-croate-monténégrin-serbe », Revue des Études Slaves, ID : 10.3406/slave.2008.7132


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Linguistic Changes in Bosnian-Croatian-Montenegrin-Serbian The author of this paper is examining how Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Montenegrin are changing today, based on doublets found in dictionaries of language difficulties, grammars, style guides... Changes can be observed at different levels: in prosody (with evolutions of the common accentuation system, combining short and long vowels with rising and falling tones), in morphology (with a tendency to a single theme in noun inflexions, due to a receding of assibilation, of the mobile vowel and all of the alternation pattern; a tendency for flexional endings to be unified after consonants that are no longer palatal; an extension of the differential suffix -ov), in syntax (with an extension of the conjunction bez da, the use of the perfective present with the adverb možda, the use of accusative with passive pronominal verbs, the use of the animate accusative form of the masculine relative pronoun instead of the inanimated form with antecedents referring to things or notions, like in automobil kojeg — instead of koji — je kupio 'the car that he boughť). The standard languages may or may not accept these changes. However their presence in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia as well as Montenegro clearly shows the deep single foundation underlying the BCMS linguistic system.

Lingvističke promene u bosanskom, crnogorskom, hrvatskom, srpskom U radu se razmatraju sadašnje lingvističke promene u bosanskom, crnogorskom, hrvatskom i srpskom jeziku, o kojima svedoči postojanje dubleta zabeleženih u jezičkim savetnicima, rečnicima jezičkih nedoumica i sl. Takvih promena ima u prozodiji (evolucije zajedničkog standardnog akcenatskog sistema), u morfologiji (povlačenje deklinacije neodređenih prideva u korist deklinacije određenih prideva; izbegavanje alternacija u deklinacijama: uzmicanja sibilarizacije, nepostojanog a, alternacije o/l; e zamenjeno sa o posle nepalatalnog suglasnika u sintagmi svo vr[ij]eme; širenje sufiksa -ov/-ev), u sintaksi (upotrebe veznika bez da, perfektivnog glagolskog vida uz možda, akuzativa uz povratne glagole sa pasivnim značenjem, težnja da se koristi akuzativ-genitiv odnosne zamenice posle antecedenta koji označava neživo: auto kojeg je kupio umesto auto koji je kupio). Ove promene, bilo da ih standardi prihvataju ili ne, primećuju se u Bosni i Hercegovini, Crnoj Gori, Hrvatskoj i Srbiji, i samim tim svedoče o dubokom jedinstvu BCHS (bosanskog, crnogorskog, hrvatskog, srpskog) lingvističkog sistema.

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