THE MARḪAŠEAN TWO-FACED 'GOD': NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE ICONOGRAPHIC AND RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES OF THE HALIL RUD VALLEY CIVILIZATION AND THIRD MILLENNIUM BCE SOUTH-EASTERN IRAN
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2021
- handle: 10670/1.kf20uc
- hal: hal-04408230
- doi: 10.22034/JSBS.2022.309973.1004
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.22034/JSBS.2022.309973.1004
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Mots-clés
Iran Bronze Age Jiroft/Halil Rud Valley civilization Marḫaši religion iconography chlorite artefactsSujets proches
Culture (Civilization) Description and travel--Views Pictures Iconography Pictorial representations Iconography Natural scenery Countryside Landscape Scenery Scenic landscapes Iconography Statuettes Religious images Images and idols Civilisation Barbarism Western art (Western countries) Fine arts Iconography Arts, Fine Art, Occidental Arts, Visual Visual arts Occidental art Art, Visual Art, Western (Western countries) 3rd millenniumCiter ce document
François Desset et al., « THE MARḪAŠEAN TWO-FACED 'GOD': NEW INSIGHTS INTO THE ICONOGRAPHIC AND RELIGIOUS LANDSCAPES OF THE HALIL RUD VALLEY CIVILIZATION AND THIRD MILLENNIUM BCE SOUTH-EASTERN IRAN », HAL-SHS : archéologie, ID : 10.22034/JSBS.2022.309973.1004
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This paper discusses a truncated-cone chlorite vessel currently held in the Miho Museum, Japan. It was probably produced around 2300-2200 BCE in the Halil Rud Valley or Jiroft region and comes perhaps from a grave. This vessel displays a fascinating iconography, including the depiction of a hybrid character combining bovine, human, lion and bird features. After discussing the hybrid characters which are observed on chlorite artefacts and glyptics in third millennium BCE southeastern Iran, available textual data are considered for a narrative interpretation of the possible religious landscape of the polity called in Mesopotamian sources Marḫaši or Paraḫšum. It is also suggested that the so-called 'Treaty of Naram-Sin' might provide additional insights on the pantheon worshipped in Marḫaši around 2250 BCE.