Les deux Baelo : du site perché protohistorique au site portuaire romain sur la rive nord du détroit de Gibraltar

Résumé En

From the ninth to the first Century BC, the bay of Bolonia, on the northern shore of the Straits of Gibraltar, was the theatre of successive encounters between native populations and colonists (Phoenicians, Carthaginians and Italians), in addition to constant exchanges with the opposite shore of the Straits. Whereas the excavation of the Roman municipium of Baelo Claudia has laid stress on the last phase of this historical process, two recent projects reveal a much more complex cultural and ethnic setting. On the one hand, the survey of the hill fort of La Silla del Papa, birthplace of the community which settled down on the coast under the reign of August, leads to the conclusion that the first Baelo developed a territorial strategy that was determined both by defensive concerns and by an economy based on the exploitation of the hinterland. On the other hand, a reappraisal of the necropolis of the Roman town brings new evidence for cultural hybridism in funerary practices.