Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania
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19 janvier 2015
- handle: 10670/1.s7ntmx
- hal: hal-02361597
- doi: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0616
- PUBMEDCENTRAL: PMC4275896
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1098/rstb.2013.0616
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Domestic pig Pigs Sus domesticus Pig Sus domestica Pig farming Hogs Sus scrofa domesticus Sus scrofa domesticaCiter ce document
Allowen Evin et al., « Unravelling the complexity of domestication: a case study using morphometrics and ancient DNA analyses of archaeological pigs from Romania », HAL-SHS : archéologie, ID : 10.1098/rstb.2013.0616
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Current evidence suggests that pigs were first domesticated in EasternAnatolia during the ninth millennium cal BC before dispersing into Europewith Early Neolithic farmers from the beginning of the seventh millennium.Recent ancientDNA (aDNA) research also indicates the incorporation of Europeanwild boar into domestic stock during the Neolithization process. In orderto establish the timing of the arrival of domestic pigs into Europe, and to testhypotheses regarding the role European wild boar played in the domesticationprocess, we combined a geometric morphometric analysis (allowing us tocombine tooth size and shape) of 449 Romanian ancient teeth with aDNAanalysis. Our results firstly substantiate claims that the first domestic pigs inRomania possessed the same mtDNA signatures found in Neolithic pigs inwest and central Anatolia. Second, we identified a significant proportion ofindividuals with large molars whose tooth shape matched that of archaeological(likely) domestic pigs. These large ‘domestic shape’ specimenswere presentfrom the outset of the Romanian Neolithic (6100–5500 cal BC) through to laterprehistory, suggesting a long history of admixture between introduced domesticpigs and local wild boar. Finally, we confirmed a turnover inmitochondrial lineages found in domestic pigs, possibly coincident withhuman migration into Anatolia and the Levant that occurred in laterprehistory.