Disposal and bă constructions in Chinese dialects (Part II). 汉语方言中的处置式和把字句 (下) ．Hanyu fangyan-zhong de chuzhishi he ‘bă’ ziju (xia) . En Zh

Résumé En Zh

The perspective and methodology involved in this section are not quite the same as in Part I. The first authro Li Lan (1998) has pointed out that there are two types of paradigmatic relations regarding grammatical words in the Sinitic languages. One is on the ‘morpheme’ level, that is, the same grammatical function will be represented by different morphemes in different dialects or even in the same dialect; the other one is on ‘word’ level, that is, the same character/word can have multiple grammatical functions. As a matter of fact, when one does research on Sinitic dialectal syntax, it is quite common that a morpheme, especially one that carries grammatical functions, will form the basic unit of investigation. Regardless of the dialect itself, or a certain morpheme in all modern Sinitic dialects, every single word has its own history. Based on this understanding, Part 2 places the object-marking construction on the ‘morpheme’ level, that is to say, no matter in which dialect the BA morpheme (or its equivalents) appears, no matter in which syntactic position it appears in a clause, and regardless of the function(s) it assumes, all will be taken into account and put under observation. We then try to exhaustively look at its usages and functions in all existing dialect materials.

本节讨论问题的角度和方法和上一节不太一样。笔者（李蓝1998）曾有一个意见：汉语的虚词（字）有两个聚合关系：一个是字范畴的，同一语法范畴在不同的方言间甚至是同一方言中用不同的字来表示；另一个是“词”范畴的，同一个字有多种语法功能。事实上，只要是做汉语方言语法的调查和研究，都会很自然地认为一个汉字，尤其是一具有语法功能的汉字，就是一个调查研究的基本单位。不管是就一个方言来说，还是就某一字在所有现代汉语方言中来说，汉语的每一个字都有自己的历史。基于这样的认识，本节对“把”字句采用“字本位”的研究方法，即不管“把”字出现在什么方言，出现在句子中的什么位置，充当的是什么功能，都将其列入观察分析的范围，在现有资料中尽可能穷尽其用法和功能。