A quarter of a century after their votes, the Aubry laws on the “35 hours” in France remain at the centre of lively debates and controversies. Ideological positions and theoretical arguments find their roots in the 40-hour workweek law of the Popular Front in 1936 and then the denunciation of the sp...
Assessing the effects of a reduction in working time is a complicated exercise, especially given the lack of consensus on the adequate method of measurement. It is, however, an ambition frequently expressed and pursued by public authorities. In this context, this article aims to study the feasibilit...
In view of an exit from the current health crisis, this article questions the political project of a collective working time reduction in Belgium. The first part of the article analyses the attitudes of political, trade union and employer actors with respect to this idea. It highlights changes in po...
Over time, the working week of a ‘standard’ full-time job has decreased significantly, mainly through consecutive collectively negotiated reductions in working time. In the last few decades, however, this collective approach has been replaced by individual working time reductions through the increas...
This article will attempt to highlight the various strategies adopted by women to gain access to a predominantly male public space and to overcome the real or perceived risks when they move in the city. Starting out from the analysis of testimonies of women with very diverse profiles, collected thro...
The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of the’Paysage’’ decree on student pathways by analyzing dropouts and graduations. In particular, the policy-imposed reform provides an opportunity to quantitatively compare two types of systems : a system based on the successful completion of year...
The first aim of this article is to discuss and deconstruct the alleged neutrality of the conception of public spaces and of how they are practiced. This reflection introduces the question of living, of home and finally of the appropriation of spaces as illustrated by the action-research experience...
In this article, we will table on a series of surveys using mixed methodologies (interviews and questionnaires) between 2015 and 2018 in several cities in France. In these surveys, similar questionnaires were used for the purpose of comparison, not only between the territories and the specific conte...
From 2015 to 2017, the NGO Garance carried out a gender analysis of three Namur neighbourhoods, Gare, Bomal and Casernes. To this end, Garance organised exploratory walks with groups of women of different ages, as well as family and socio-economic status. The city of Namur included the recommendatio...
This article aims to study the expressions of violence against women in public spaces from an intersectional perspective. By doing so, it questions how the access and use of public space are structured by different power relations. On the basis of a sociological survey based on focus groups with 80...
University entrance exams remain a divisive and relatively sensitive issue in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (FWB). Some call for them, while others are totally opposed to them. This contribution aims to provide a general overview of this issue. Firstly, we introduce the problem and the way in whi...
This contribution analyses the mechanisms governing the financing of higher education in Flanders on the one hand, and the pathways of students on the other. These two mechanisms are closely linked, given the central role of the study points. This article attempts to identify the problems that these...
In the first part, we examine the funding of higher education in the Wallonia-Brussels Federation (FWB) by looking at it from the perspective of the budgetary priorities granted to the various levels of education. Over the period 2000-2017, the means per student allocated to higher education institu...
`np pagenum="020"/bOver time, the working week of a ‘standard’ full-time job has decreased significantly, mainly through consecutive collectively negotiated reductions in working time. In the last few decades, however, this collective approach has been replaced by individual working time reductions...
This paper analyses the impact of fixed-term contracts (FTC) on productivity, wages and productivity-wage gaps within firms from a global and a sectoral perspective. Through reviewing the literature, it provides alternative explanations of the relationships in the case of perfect or imperfect compet...
In a context of worrying labour market conditions for immigrants in Belgium, this article has two objectives. The first is to examine the extent of wage discrimination against workers born outside EU15 countries while the second is to determine whether these immigrants are more likely to be over-edu...
The objective of this paper is to provide a summary of the literature devoted to the influence of wage dispersion on firm productivity on the one hand and on sickness absenteeism on the other hand, with a particular focus on results obtained for Belgium. In spite of a vast literature on this area, t...
This article reviews the economic literature regarding the impact of educational mismatch on firm profitability. In the Belgian context, empirical results suggest the existence of an inverted L-shaped relationship: under-education is associated with lower profits, while higher levels of overand requ...
The article reports on the salient results of a review of the scientific literature examining entrepreneurship awareness-raising devices and more precisely the evaluation of their impact. The implementation of the devices is examined to the extent that it can be an explanatory factor for their impac...