2019
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Charlène Huttenberger-Revelli, « Stendhal, ou l’incroyant qui voulait croire / Stendhal, or the Unbeliever Who Wanted to Believe », ASDIWAL. Revue genevoise d'anthropologie et d'histoire des religions, ID : 10.3406/asdi.2019.1160
How is Stendhal commonly seen ? Very often as a man whose anticlericalism and atheism are truly aggressive. That reputation indeed is greatly justified : child during the French Revolution, then novelist and essayist during the Restoration and the July monarchy, Stendhal never stopped proclaiming his lack of belief and, at the same time, fighting vigorously against the professionals of faith. Thus, the stendhalian novel, violently anticlerical, is invaded by manipulative jesuits and evil female bigots willing to seize power and to control the society by supporting with all their strenght the new alliance between the Throne and the Altar, between monarchy and catholicism. Then it’s not surprising to observe that Stendhal’s heroes are frequently religion’s foes willing to destroy the latter, sometimes hidden under the mask of Tartuffe, sometimes undisguised, clearly revealing their atheism. Yet, the issues of the stendhalian faith are more complicated than what could be thought at first sight : moved since always by the beauty of catholic ceremonies, Stendhal gives his own aesthetic emotion to his novel characters, especially to his Italian characters, as a true lover of Italy. He also makes some of them deep and sincere believers, and believes himself in the existence of absolutly pious and truly good priests. Last, in line with Chateaubriand, Stendhal does not perceive the fulfilment of passion without the fulfilment of faith : in his fictions, true lovers are also true believers. Finally, Stendhal was he not a non-believer who dreamt to believe ?