Naissance du pauvre honteux : entre l'histoire des idées et l'histoire sociale

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1983

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Annales

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MESR

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Copyright PERSEE 2003-2023. Works reproduced on the PERSEE website are protected by the general rules of the Code of Intellectual Property. For strictly private, scientific or teaching purposes excluding all commercial use, reproduction and communication to the public of this document is permitted on condition that its origin and copyright are clearly mentionned.



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Giovanni Ricci, « Naissance du pauvre honteux : entre l'histoire des idées et l'histoire sociale », Annales, ID : 10.3406/ahess.1983.411045


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The Emergence of the Shameful Poor : Where the History of Ideas Meets Social History This article falls into two parts. The first part examines the emergence of the doctrine of shameful poverty between the 4th and 13th centuries, on the basis of exegetical, hagiographie, canonical, theological, and literary sources. Initially distinct concepts (poverty, shame, begging as a privilege) are shown to have gradually fused into one. The work of Thomas Aquinas is seen as the culmination of this process. In the second part the author analyzes the earliest evidence for the actual existence of the shameful poor. This evidence comes from Flanders and central-northern Italy (llth-13th centuries). The author does not believe that this late appearance is due merely to the silence of sources—to a failure to mention earlier cases. Throughout the Early Middle Ages, the shameful poor were only moral figures. In order for them to become a reality, a new factor was required: the appearance of money, which provoked a potential imbalance between individual social status and possession of material goods. Only then was the old theoretical concept of poverty embodied in tangible social forms.

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