2004
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Bernard Thomann, « La naissance de la politique sociale au Japon. De l'assistance aux marges à un « nouvel ordre » social (1868-1945) », Ebisu - Études Japonaises (documents), ID : 10.3406/ebisu.2004.1396
The Birth of Social Policy in Japan. From Relief to the Margins of Society to a "New Social Order" (1868-1945). In this article, we examine how traditional conceptions of poor's relief, which dominated not only the Edo period but also the beginning of the Meiji period, had to be reconsidered with the social consequences of the introduction of market economy and the industrialization. We try then to understand how the elites had come to think the social integration of the working class, not through the labor unions, but on the basis of a new place of communitarian solidarity, intermediary between the state and the family: the enterprise. Finally, we see how this mode of social integration and solidarity imposed itself only through a radical critic of capitalism that was formulated in the frame of the "new order" put in place at the occasion of World War II.