1990
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Jacques Adda et al., « Est-Sud : les risques d'éviction », Revue de l'OFCE (documents), ID : 10.3406/ofce.1990.1230
A year ago, a large consensus emerged between the industrialized countries about the necessity of supporting economically the current political changes in Eastern Europe. Within a few months, the financial mobilization in favour of the former satellites of the USSR and, more recently for the USSR itself, has reached a great magnitude. Net transfers of resources for these countries could reach a higher level in absolute terms and constant prices than Marshall aid to Western Europe. Beyond these financial aspects, the quality of the offered economic cooperation gives evidence of the industrialized countries willingness in assuring that the uneasy transformation of Eastern Europe countries into market economies will succeed. Whatever the justification of this mobilization is, it makes a sharp contrast with the inertia of the North-South systems of cooperation and the limited ambition of the decisions already taken to release financial restrictions in the developing regions most hit by the crisis, especially Sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. In such conditions, crowding-out risks for developing countries should not be underestimated, even if higher economic growth could be expected in the OECD countries, particularly in the EEC, due to German unification and rising demand from Eastern Europe. Those risks arise from expected tensions on international financial markets, from political trade-offs that may occur within the budgetary aid of industrialized countries, and from the more intense competition that the developing countries will have to face on world markets and in attracting foreign investments.