2007
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Ruth Rose, « Un regard québécois sur les régimes de retraite en France : accroître l’emploi pour maintenir la viabilité », Santé, Société et Solidarité (documents), ID : 10.3406/oss.2007.1164
The purpose of this text is to comment, from a Quebec perspective, on the way in which France is trying to deal with the problems of aging and the growing share of pensions in GDP. In particular, it discusses the financial viability of the system and the issue of intergenerational equity. To begin with, we observe that the system is based on a large number of plans based on occupational affiliation in an economy where labour market mobility is growing. We also note that the French system provides a higher rate of income replacement to a larger share of the population than the Quebec system. However, compared to most other industrialised countries, both Quebec and France have high and persistent levels of unemployment. In France the principle of pay-as-you-go financing was reaffirmed at the time of the 2003 reforms. However, some elements of capitalization have crept in with the creation of retirement savings plans and the constitution of a reserve to be used starting in 2020. In Quebec, the importance of private pension plans which must be fully capitalized is a source of inequity between groups of workers and, contrary to the pretensions of the defenders of this kind of financing, does not increase intergenerational equity. This article argues instead for a greater effort in job creation both for young people and for people aged 50 to 64 as the best way to preserve the retirement system.