September 10, 2020
Viviane Isambert-Jamati, « Travail, rapports sociaux, éducation en Europe. Esquisse historique de la chute de l’Empire à l’entre deux-guerres », Revue française de pédagogie, ID : 10.4000/rfp.8841
According to the author of this paper, published in 1980, past transformations in the educational system have been too often ignored by sociologists. On the basis of recent research on the history of education, the author first presents the situation of early 19th-century education (mainly in France). She then analyzes the changes which have taken place in education up to the inter-war period, taking into account the transformations of the various poles of economic activity. Due to industrialization, an ever more educated workforce is required, not “too” educated however, so as not to challenge the system itself. Even though the author observes an improvement in the level of instruction, she notes that each social class has its own network, with very little communication existing between them. Lastly, the author analyzes the situation of education in the colonies, where the relationship between education, economy and politics is particularly evident. Colonial educational policies vary considerably, having in common perhaps only the denial of any value to local customs and beliefs.