2021
This document is linked to :
Ethnologies ; vol. 43 no. 2 (2021)
Tous droits réservés © Ethnologies, Université Laval, 2021
Manohisoa Rakotondrabe et al., « « Unissons-nous comme les perdrix » : Le mariage du transfert de gestion et du protocole bioculturel communautaire », Ethnologies, ID : 10.7202/1088201ar
Natural resource management transfer contracts and community biocultural protocols (PBC) are two community-based tools currently being tested in Madagascar. They are part of the ratification of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and the Nagoya Protocol. The latter are more recent and come under the legal framework on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS). As types of written charters by which the communities codify or specify the conditions of access to their resources and associated knowledge, the PBCs are also directories of traditions and customary rules for the management of their tangible and intangible heritage. According to their promoters, PBCs would make it possible to strengthen the mechanism of decentralization of resource management, in particular by consolidating the right to self-determination of communities. However, questions arise as to the impact of the mechanisms on the institutional organization and the internal functioning of the communities. Focused on the study of the case of the communities of Mariarano and Betsako, in the northwestern part of the island, the article shows that, despite their bottom-up and participatory dimension, these devices have profoundly modified the structures local and customary management of space and resources as evidenced by the “personification” exerted on community institutions and which is explained by the desire of the State and funders to make “legible”.