2015
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Julián Alejandro Gállego, « La expulsión del dêmos del espacio político y las nuevas formas de dependencia de la Atenas de finales del siglo V a.C. », Actes du Groupe de Recherches sur l’Esclavage depuis l’Antiquité, ID : 10670/1.3o097w
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the oligarchic perspectives on the slave condition of the Athenian demos manifested during the Peloponnesian War, and especially during the last years of the fifth century B. C. This consideration is particularly striking in the author known as the Old Oligarch, but also in authors such as Andocides, Xenophon and Plato who develop several criticisms on the political power of the demos. One of these censures is expressed by the idea of pantodapos applied to the people, that is, the mixing and coexistence of individuals from different conditions and status without any principle of distinction. Xenophon characterizes in this way the democrats from Piraeus who oppose the oligarchs from the city in the civil war that breaks out with the Thirty’s coup d’état. However, in the subsequent celebrations after the restoration of democracy would not be those from Piraeus but those from Phile who would be glorified as those who made possible the return of democracy. Thus, the spaces appear linked not only to different political groups but also to different characterizations of the social conditions of the persons located there, relating those from Piraeus to an indistinct mix that would make to consider them as an inferior mob, and therefore susceptible of becoming dependent.