February 26, 2021
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
Morad Bali, « The economic impact of sanctions for the EU and Russia : the Ukrainian crisis case », HALSHS : archive ouverte en Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société, ID : 10670/1.47fc1c...
This thesis examines the economic effects of international coercive measures implemented by the European Union and by Russia during the Ukrainian Crisis. After having reviewed the most relevant papers from the literature that study economic sanctions, the author uses descriptive statistics to assess consequences of economic punishment on Russian-European trade. Results reveal that both Russian exports to the EU and European exports to Russia decreased significantly after the economic conflict started. It is astounding, as most of these trade flows are neither directly nor indirectly targeted by sanctions. Consequently, it was necessary to conduct a robust econometric analysis in order to isolate the lone impact of sanctions, and to find out if the observed decrease of Russian-European trade was due to sanctions. To that end, the author had to create a sanction index that would simulate the implementation of economic coercive measures in econometric models. Thereafter, 342 country structural vector autoregression models (CSVAR) were run, using the sanction index as causal variable. The effect of economic punishment on trade and economic growth was observed for Russia and the twenty-eight European economies. It appears that sanctions do not affect trade and economic growth directly. Nonetheless, the results of forecast error variance decomposition show robust evidence of the sanction ripple effect, defined as economic disruptions emerging from the overall business climate deterioration due to an economic conflict, even within sectors that are not covered by any coercive measures.