2005
Cairn
« L'Afrique dans le discours abolitionniste de Victor Schœlcher : de la réfutation de l'« infériorité native des Nègres » au projet africain », Afrique & histoire, ID : 10670/1.ec7e3b...
In Victor Schœlcher’s abolitionist speeches, Africa appears, in the first place, as revealing of the negro’s aptitude to civilization. Using stories of journeys, he analyses the African’s societies and discovers there the proof of the equal nature of black and white men. However, Schœlcher thinks that human equality does not imply equality on a cultural level. Generally speaking, he places the African peoples at a lower « level of civilization » than Western civilization. Pondering over this handicap, he finds two main reasons. The first one will be due to unfortunate circumstances, as the corruption of African society by slave trade, the climatic conditions or isolation. The second reason, at least for the Ethiopians, whom he considers as the pathfinders for the humanity, is due to the result of a degeneracy. To conclude, the duty of peoples in advanced civilization, whether European or free enlightened Afro-american, is to educate the Africans in order to instill Western culture.