2017
Cairn
Valérie Pouzol et al., « Women of the Wall (Jerusalem, 2016-1880) », Clio. Women, Gender, History, ID : 10670/1.f746ea...
In January, 2016, the Israeli government presented a project to create a space at the Wailing Wall where Jewish men and women could pray together. This space was to be off to the side, in an area not controlled by the Orthodox authorities. It was hoped that this « compromise » would bring to an end the long battle of the group of religious Jewish women (the Women of the Wall) who sought to pray publicly at the Wall. The decision would also entail symbolic and territorial recognition of the influence of Liberal Judaism which has long been seeking legitimacy in Israel. Since the founding of the state, and particularly since Jerusalem’s capture in 1967, Orthodox Jewish authorities have been in charge of the Wall and enforced gender segregation there. The space in front of the Wall has been turned into an Orthodox synagogue where men and women pray separately, divided by a Mehitza. Women are, furthermore, relegated to private prayer; only men are allowed to pray publicly.Analysis of a photograph from the 1880s and a 1928 French text show that the gendered geography of the Wall was patiently constructed following nationalist and political agendas. The creation of barriers between men and women in this key religious and nationalist place speaks to larger boundary issues and, specifically, to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.