Les « révolutions » arabes

Résumé 0

The Arab « Revolutions » Since late 2010 large-scale non-violent uprisings and their ripple effects have transformed the politics of the Arab countries to an extent not seen in decades. The autocratic rulers of Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya were pushed aside while most of their counterparts elsewhere continue to face various forms and degrees of contestation. However, serious challenges to these authoritarian regimes have not (yet) entailed their complete and definite demise, with the possible exception of Tunisia. Developments on the ground illustrate that contestation from below, responses from above, and the transformation of individual political regimes closely reflect the history and the « nature » of each of the states concerned. At the same time they pose additional challenges to much critiqued but common assumptions about collective action in general and in Arab contexts in particular. On the other hand, the limited extent to which political regimes have been transformed so far partially supports recently contested assumptions about the resilience and longevity of authoritarian rule in Arab states. Whether or not developing into revolutions, recent change selectively echoes arguments about modernization and points to the continued topicality of Tocquevillian ideas.

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