Citizenship Traditions and Cultures of Military Service: Patriotism and Paychecks in Five Democracies
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27 septembre 2024
- handle: 10670/1.npxzcz
- hal: hal-04735715
- doi: 10.1177/0095327X241275635
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Mots-clés
citizenship patriotism France Germany Israel United Kingdom United States military service democratic civil–military relationsSujets proches
National citizenship Birthright citizenship Citizenship (International law) Nationality (Citizenship) Citizenship--Law and legislationCiter ce document
Ronald Krebs et al., « Citizenship Traditions and Cultures of Military Service: Patriotism and Paychecks in Five Democracies », HALSHS : archive ouverte en Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société, ID : 10.1177/0095327X241275635
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Résumé
Why do people think that soldiers and officers join the military? In this article, we report and explain unique survey results of nationally representative populations in five democracies—France, Germany, Israel, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Beliefs about motivations for military service vary significantly by nation. In Israel and France, large majorities endorse intrinsic accounts of service motivations—that is, those centering on patriotism and good citizenship. The U.S. population is nearly evenly split between extrinsic accounts—ascribing service to the pay and benefits received or to the desire to escape desperate circumstances—and intrinsic ones. A large majority of U.K. and Germany-based respondents hew to extrinsic service accounts. We argue that the most plausible explanation lies with prevailing national citizenship discourses, in combination with the military’s operational tempo. This research has implications for public support for military recruitment, the use of force, and democratic civil–military relations.