Les enjeux démographiques en Palestine après le retrait de Gaza

Résumé 0

Demographic Issues in Palestine after the Gaza Withdrawal Since Zionism came about in the 19th century, demographics (immigration, emigration, marriage, birthrate and death rate) have played a major role in the establishment of the Jewish community in Palestine and, since 1948, in the consolidation of the state of Israel. Since the war of 1967 and the conquest of the entire Palestinian territory formerly under British mandate, two clashing demographics are at odds with one another: that of the Palestinians in the occupied territories (West Bank with East Jerusalem and Gaza until 2005) and that of the Israelis who colonize these territories. The former aims to preserve this territory for the benefit of its original inhabitants, the second to conquer it for the benefit of the colonists. Until the second Intifada in 2000, the Palestinian fertility rate had remained high. Since then a significant drop has brought it to below the level of that of the Israeli colonists in the West Bank and East Jerusalem, which has been quite high and even on a rising trend. The causes for the drop in Palestinian fertility and those behind the persistently high fertility among Israeli colonists are studied. The perspectives for the West Bank population for 2025 underscore the rapid growth of the Israeli population to the detriment of the Palestinian population. What political consequences do these demographic changes hold in store?