In this article we will first provide an overview of Lagrange’s arithmetic work, written between 1768 and 1777. We then focus on the proof of the four-square theorem published in 1772, and shed light on the context of its implementation by relying on other memoirs by Lagrange and Leonhard Euler. By...
At the end of Bhāskara's 7th century commentary on the mathematical part of the Āryabhaṭīya 91 verses provide solutions of linear indeterminate equations using astral parameters. The number of civil days and the number of revolutions elapsed since the beginning of the Kali Yuga are computed knowing...
The main goal of this paper is to present an Indian 'demonstration' of the cakravāla rules provided by Bhāskara II. This demonstration was given by Kṛṣṇadaivajña, a mathematician who lived at the end of the sixteenth century, in his commentary on Bhāskara's Bījagaṇita: the Bījapallava. The cakravāla...