Trans-crustal structural control of CO2-rich extensional magmatic systems revealed at Mount Erebus Antarctica.
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30 mai 2022
- doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30627-7
- issn: 2041-1723
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G.J. Hill et al., « Trans-crustal structural control of CO2-rich extensional magmatic systems revealed at Mount Erebus Antarctica. », Serveur académique Lausannois, ID : 10.1038/s41467-022-30627-7
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Erebus volcano, Antarctica, with its persistent phonolite lava lake, is a classic example of an evolved, CO 2 -rich rift volcano. Seismic studies provide limited images of the magmatic system. Here we show using magnetotelluric data that a steep, melt-related conduit of low electrical resistivity originating in the upper mantle undergoes pronounced lateral re-orientation in the deep crust before reaching shallower magmatic storage and the summit lava lake. The lateral turn represents a structural fault-valve controlling episodic flow of magma and CO 2 vapour, which replenish and heat the high level phonolite differentiation zone. This magmatic valve lies within an inferred, east-west structural trend forming part of an accommodation zone across the southern termination of the Terror Rift, providing a dilatant magma pathway. Unlike H 2 O-rich subduction arc volcanoes, CO 2 -dominated Erebus geophysically shows continuous magmatic structure to shallow crustal depths of < 1 km, as the melt does not experience decompression-related volatile supersaturation and viscous stalling.