Enrichment of infant formula with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of infection and allergy in the nationwide ELFE birth cohort
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1 mai 2022
- doi: 10.1111/all.15137
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
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HEALTH IMMUNOLOGYSujets proches
Immediate allergy Allergic diseases Hypersensitivity, Immediate Allergies Hypersensitivity Immediate hypersensitivityCiter ce document
Moufidath Adjibade et al., « Enrichment of infant formula with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and risk of infection and allergy in the nationwide ELFE birth cohort », Archined : l'archive ouverte de l'INED, ID : 10.1111/all.15137
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Background The new European regulations require the enrichment of formulas with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) because of the positive effects of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) on neurodevelopment and visual acuity. In this observational study, we aimed to evaluate whether the consumption of LCPUFA-enriched formula was associated with the risk of infection and allergy in early childhood. Methods Analyses involved data from 8389 formula-fed infants from the ELFE birth cohort. Formula enrichment was identified from the list of ingredients of the formula consumed at 2 months. Infections (gastrointestinal, lower respiratory tract [LRTI], upper respiratory tract) and allergies (wheezing, itchy rash, asthma medication, food allergy) from age 2 months to 5.5 years were reported by parents during follow-up surveys. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associations between the consumption of LCPUFA-enriched formula and the risk of infection and allergy. Results Among formula-fed infants at 2 months, 36% consumed formula enriched with DHA and arachidonic acid (ARA), and 11% consumed formula additionally enriched with eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). Enriched formula consumption was not associated with infection or allergy, except for an association between consumption of DHA/ARA/EPA-enriched formula and lower use of asthma medications. Furthermore, as compared with non-DHA/ARA/EPA-enriched formula, consumption of formula with high EPA content (≥3.2 mg/100 kcal) was related to lower risk of LRTI and lower use of asthma medications. Conclusion This study suggests that consumption of DHA/ARA/EPA-enriched formula (especially those with high EPA content) is associated with a lower risk of LRTI and lower use of asthma medications.