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1980
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Michaël Gilsenan, « L'islam dans l'Égypte contemporaine : religion d'État, religion populaire », Annales, ID : 10.3406/ahess.1980.282656
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State and popular Islam in contemporary Egypt M. Gilsenan There are different ideological discourses in Egyptian society which all manifest certain internal tensions and blockages. The relations of social reality and discourse are highly problematic. In the Nasserist period the nation state and the cult of the za'im, or leader, went hand in hand. Opposing forces were suppressed, but their social bases remained and no critical reading of history was generated. The crushing defeat of 1967 exposed the myth of the army and the za'im and discredited this form of nationalism and 'socialism'. Islam remained as an unsullied language of refuge and of traditionalist calls for the recasting of social forms. There are many different currents of Islamic ideology, from the quasi- millenarian to the repressive versions of certain sections of the bourgeoisie. The state's current attempt to utilise religion seems rather to subvert itself and to encourage opposition in a religious idiom.