Dénonciation des millénaristes et séduction du millénarisme dans l'oeuvre de Dryden

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1998

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Caliban

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MESR

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Copyright PERSEE 2003-2023. Works reproduced on the PERSEE website are protected by the general rules of the Code of Intellectual Property. For strictly private, scientific or teaching purposes excluding all commercial use, reproduction and communication to the public of this document is permitted on condition that its origin and copyright are clearly mentionned.

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Strictly speaking, Dryden was never a chiliast, but he lived in times steeped in prophecies and rife with the belief that Christ would reign on earth for a thousand years before the Last Days. Of course, these dreams, which often went along with a violent denunciation of existing inequalities, were most forcefully entertained by the members of various dissenting sects whom Dryden tended to merge into the same indistinct mass and to assimilate in particular to the feared Anabaptists ; and he never stopped attacking them. However, he was deeply influenced by the utopian hopes fostered by millennialism. Down to the end of the 1680's, he kept introducing gorgeous visions recalling the Golden Age or the Garden of Eden before the Fall. And throughout his life, including the last ten years, he expressed as well his qualified belief in some sort of forward progress. Based on theology, his teleology integrated history and reflected his humanist concerns ; thus it anticipated the Enlightenment.

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