François Cabarrús, agriculteur éclairé, ou un banquier aux champs

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1979

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Copyright PERSEE 2003-2023. Works reproduced on the PERSEE website are protected by the general rules of the Code of Intellectual Property. For strictly private, scientific or teaching purposes excluding all commercial use, reproduction and communication to the public of this document is permitted on condition that its origin and copyright are clearly mentionned.



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Michel Zylberberg, « François Cabarrús, agriculteur éclairé, ou un banquier aux champs », Mélanges de la Casa de Velázquez, ID : 10.3406/casa.1979.2305


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During the second half of the XVIII century, an attempt to modernize agriculture took place in Spain. Within this context, stood out the one carried by F. Cabarrús in Castilla la Nueva since 1796. The former Director of the San Carlos Bank wanted to spur the Spanish farm workers to obtain water from an irrigation system of which he was the owner. To fulfil this, he decided to create an agricultural enterprise which was a model on its kind. To carry out his plan, he purchased hundreds of hectares in the plain of Uceda. He also brought in colonists and agricultural experts with the aim of systematicaly developing irrigation farming together with the plantation of fruit trees. In spite of the large amount of the capital that he invested, F. Cabarrús failed. The reasons for the failure were in the first place the inability to recruit suitable colonists and, above all, the rejection by the workers of their working conditions, which were those characteristic of any big agricultural faim, namely, the extension of the working day on the one hand, and increased productivity on the other.

Resumen La segunda mitad del siglo XVIII vió en Espafia algunas tentativas de modernización agricola. Dentro de ello, se destaca la llevada a cabo por Francisco Cabarrús en Castilla la Nueva a partir de 1796. El antiguo Director del Banco de San Carlos, quería incitar a los campesios espanoles a obtener agua de un canal que le pertenecía y decidió crear una explotación agricola modelo en su género. Después de haber comprado cientos de hectáreas en la vega de Uceda hizo venir colonos y un experto agrícola para intentar el desarrollo sistemático de los cultivos por riego y de las plantaciones de árboles frutales. A pesar de la importancia del capital invertido, Francisco Cabarrús no puede realizar sus deseos. Las causas del fracaso fueron la election errónea de los colonos y sobre todo el rechazo de los jornaleros agrícolas en aceptar las condiciones de trabajo propias de una gran explotación agrícola, basadas en la prolongation de la Jornada laboral y en la búsqueda de un aumento de la productividad.

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