1990
Copyright PERSEE 2003-2024. Works reproduced on the PERSEE website are protected by the general rules of the Code of Intellectual Property. For strictly private, scientific or teaching purposes excluding all commercial use, reproduction and communication to the public of this document is permitted on condition that its origin and copyright are clearly mentionned.
Jacques Adda et al., « L'Europe entre l'Est et le Sud. L'ouverture à l'Est et les risques d'éviction pour le Sud », Revue de l'OFCE (documents), ID : 10.3406/ofce.1990.1210
A year ago, a large consensus emerged between the industrialized countries about the necessity of supporting economically the current political changes in Eastern Europe. Within a few months, the financial mobilization in favor of Poland and Hungary first, then Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria and Romania has reached a great magnitude. Net transfers of resources for these five countries could reach a level equivalent in absolute terms to that of Marshall aid to Western Europe. Moreover these figures should be evaluated considering that Eastern Europe's population today is less than half of post war Western Europe's one and that East Germany will receive additional transfers from West Germany. At the same time, the worsening of the crisis in numerous developing countries, especially in SubSaharian Africa, shows the inertia of the Western system of cooperation, the inadequacy of adjustment policies imposed — that dissociate macroeconomic goals from social conditions — and the irrelevance of the methods used for solving the debt problem. This paper attempts to identify the consequences for developing countries of the opening of Eastern Europe. It shows that if some positive effects could be expected in the long run from a successful economic development in Eastern Europe, crowding out effects for Southern countries will be predominant in the short run. Their magnitude will depend largely of the initial macroeconomic context and will vary acording to the nature of flows considered : budgetary aid, bank's credit, direct investment and commercial competition.