La construction de l'Europe (1979-1999)

Résumé En Fr

The Building of Europe (1979-1999), by Robert Toulemon The last 20 years fit neatly between the implementation of the EMS in March 1979 and the entry into force of the euro on January 1, 1999. The fall of the Berlin Wall on November 9, 1989 eut this period into two and marked a caesura in European history. However, that décisive event ― which eased progress towards economie and monetary union — has not allowed genuine progress towards political union, nor have the crises in ex-Yugoslavia. The future of Europe remains uncertain at the end of this century.

From the Euromissiles "Battle" to the Kosovo "War": the Atlantic Alliance and its Challenges (1979-1999), by Frédéric Bozo Despite the many challenges which it has had to face in the past 20 years, the Atlantic Alliance is today Consolidated. Be it the revival of the Cold War against the backdrop of the euromissiles battle and the invasion of Afghanistan; be it the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of the East-West confrontation, which raised the question of NATO's continued existence; be it the conflict in ex-Yugoslavia and its aftermath, until the recent Kosovo crisis, the Alliance has successfully overcome all these trials. However, this positive record must be qualified: was it not first and foremost to ensure its own survival that NATO took up these challenges?