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22 janvier 2019
- doi: 10.4000/books.ausonius.5936
- isbn: 9782356131317
- eisbn: 9782356133151
https://www.openedition.org/12554 , info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Mots-clés
archéologie historiographie science de l'Antiquité transfert culturel Lumières patrimoine orientalisme histoire de l'enseignement History HIS000000 HBSujets proches
National patrimony Treasure, National National heritage Heritage property National treasure Cultural patrimony Cultural heritage Patrimony, Cultural Cultural resourcesCiter ce document
Almagro Gorbea Martín, « El Gabinete de Antigüedades de la Real Academia de la Historia en el siglo xix », Ausonius Éditions, ID : 10.4000/books.ausonius.5936
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Résumé
The Gabinete de Antigüedades of the Real Academia de la Historia affronted in the nineteenth century very difficult circumstances for the Cultural Heritage of Spain, due to the Napoleonic War, the Mendizabal’s ‘Desamortizacion’ process and the destruction of monuments, in many occasions with the pretext of modernise towns or to do public works.All the same, the Gabinete de Antigüedades prepared the “Real Cédula de 1803”, one of the first laws in Europe to protect the Cultural Heritage. It succeed also to save important monuments, as the Missorium of Theodosius, the gothic altar from the Monasterio de Piedra, and help to restore the well known Roman bridge of Alcántara. In 1830, the Gabinete planed a Real Museo de Antigüedades, which was later created as the Museo Arqueológico Nacional. It contributed also to organize the Comisiones de Monumentos, the Museos Provinciales and the Monumentos Nacionales, the Escuela de Diplomática and the Cuerpo Facultativo de Archiveros, Bibliotecarios y Anticuarios. As result of these activities, the Gabinete de Antigüedades must be considered the most important Spanish institution in the nineteenth century for Archaeology and Cultural Heritage till the legislative reform of 1911.