La mise à l'écart des étrangers. (1/2)

Résumé 0

Souvent présenté comme un simple instrument technique facilitant la libre circulation des individus à l'intérieur de l'espace Schengen, le visa est en fait un moyen de discriminer entre les ressortissants de certains pays non soumis à visa, et ceux obligés de faire la preuve au consulat qu'ils ne sont pas indésirables. la police des étrangers se fait dés lors de moins en moins aux frontières, par des policiers, et de plus en plus en amont, à distance, dans les pays d'origine. A cette situation s'ajoute la non-harmonisation des modalités d'attribution des visas au sein même de l'U.E. Often presented as a mere technical tool facilitating the free circulation of individuals within the Schengen space, the visa is in fact a means of discrimination between nationals from countries not covered by the visa, and nationals obliged to prove at consulates that they are not unwanted. The policing of immigrants is hence now less and less carried out at borders by policemen or border guards. It is more often carried out before the borders are reached, at a distance, in the country of origin by consular agents and attachés of internal security. European collaboration was to harmonise the rules governing the attribution of the visa. But the non-coincidence between the Schengen space and the European Union, the power struggles between the member states and the European Commission, but also differing legal interpretations, produce adverse effects. Indeed, the quest for unity as well as for a clear demarcation between the inside and the outside allowing for an efficient management of migration seems to be a failure. The result is a heterogeneous device, varying locally depending on the practices of local consulates. Through the latter, exchanges of information on individuals flow through an astonishing legal void that does not provide for the protection of the liberties of visa applicants.