Supporting information for: Behavior and speciation of lanthanides during standardized ecotoxicity tests with Daphnia magna: implications and recommendations for hazard and risk assessment.

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These files are the supporting information for the article: "Behavior and speciation of lanthanides during standardized ecotoxicity tests with Daphnia magna: implications and recommendations for hazard and risk assessment". The dataset contains sixteen tables (Table S1 to Table S16) and four figures (Figure S1 to Figure S4). The supplementary tables and figures are numbered according to their first mention in the text of the corresponding article. Tables S1 and S2 provide information on the chemicals used in the study and on the composition of the test medium used to expose the specimen of Daphnia magna to the lanthanides, respectively. Details about the exposure concentrations used in the experiments are given in Table S3, while Table S4 summarizes the raw results (number of surviving organisms after 24 and 48 hours of exposure) for all ecotoxicological experiments. Table S5 contains the figures of merit for analytical measurement of lanthanides concentrations by ICP-MS. The corresponding raw analytical results for all measurements are reported in Table S9. Table S6 reports selected values of solubility products for the carbonate species of lanthanides that can form in the ecotoxicological test medium (see Table S2) used in the present study. These values have been used to estimate the theoretical solubility limits of lanthanides in the same medium (Table S12). Table S7 and S8 contain measured pH values for solutions amended with different concentrations of lanthanides and the proposed linear relationships between lanthanides concentrations and pH values, respectively. Table S10 reports the values and 95% confidence intervals for the effect concentrations causing the death of 10% (EC10) or 50% (EC50) of the exposed organism after 24 and 48 hours of exposure to lanthanides. These values are based on nominal concentrations and are compared with analytically measured average exposure concentrations in Table S11. Table S13 compares the potential contribution of counterions 'chloride and nitrate' to the observed ecotoxicity in daphnids exposed to lanthanides salts (see table S1). Table S14 contains methematical linear relationships between selected EC50 values and the atomic mass of each lanthanides. The predictions obtained form these relationships and the experimental values are compared in Table S15. Table S16 provides a detailed (albeit not exhaustive) list of caveats, recommendations and open issues related to the ecotoxicity of lanthanides to aquatic organisms. Captions for all tables and figures are contained in the readme file of the database along with a detailed description of all variables.