2018
Cairn
Gérard Martin, « La Colombie entre post-accord et post-conflit », Hérodote, ID : 10670/1.03ce73...
The historic peace agreements with the Farc (2016) are an essential contribution to Colombia’s pacification process, underway since the early 21st Century. This article reconstructs that pacification process by discussing factors that have contributed to and hindered it in its course ; in doing so it also enhances comprehension of remaining and recently reincreased violence in specific regions of the country. Contributing factors discussed are the successive peace processes and demobilizations of illegal armed organizations since the 1980s ; a number of progressive reforms introduced by successive governments in the context of these peace processes ; and the reactivation of a civil society after having been one of the main victims of the violence and terror. Hindrances discussed are : ineffective and clientelist centralism ; weak institutional performance on rural peripheries ; and the ongoing presence of illegal economies and its criminal networks, especially as related to the cocaine business. Challenges to approach “total” pacification remain considerable for the government of Iván Duque (2018-2021).