Résume Les recherches récentes sur les zones tampons humides artificielles ont démontré leur capacité à limiter la contamination des eaux souterraines par les eaux de drainage. Mais comment faciliter le déploiement de cette innovation dans un territoire agricole en mobilisant les acteurs en présence ? En Seine-et-Marne, dans le cadre d’une démarche d’accompagnement du dialogue multi-acteurs sur les pollutions diffuses d’origine agricole, les chercheurs d’Irstea ont conçu et expérimenté, avec l’aide de la société Lisode, un jeu de rôles pour favoriser l’émergence de solutions innovantes et partagées par tous les acteurs concernés : opérateurs de l’eau, agriculteurs et acteurs fonciers.
Previous work of Kchouk et al. (This issue) has shown that collaboration between agricultural stakeholders, landowners and drinking water supply operators (AEP) is required to select and implement practical solutions to non point source pollution issues, such as the implementation of artificial wetlands (ZTHA). As part of a pilot project in Seine-et-Marne by IRSTEA and to deploy this type of infrastructure, an innovative support approach has been developed on the basis of developing a role-play game in order to stimulate dialogue among stakeholders. In preliminary step, the synthesis of individual interviews with local stakeholders has revealed interactions between them. The process was based on the design and testing of role playing game that allows the link between the upstream and downstream of the pollution between agricultural world and AEP operators, and to debate different types of solutions. Recreating the link between these two worlds and to facilitate their collaboration today is an issue that requires the appropriate tools. Different test and validation phases have been conducted with experts from agricultural domain, researchers and members of the Technical Buffer Zones Group (led by Irstea / Onema). The extended approach helped lead to the production of a role play game called "Res-Eau-lutions Diffuse". This tool is operational and generic in the sense that it touches a shared problem through other territories like Rampillon. It can be easily adapted to other local contexts. The game is based on two complementary levers: changes in practices and management of buffer zones in the territory. Validation tests have helped to highlight the value of this approach to local actors. However, from an operational point of view, it appears that 1) the case of diffuse pollution by nitrate should be included at this stage and 2) a participatory work for re-calibrating the game with stakeholders. This step will be requested to validate and adapt the rules to their territory and make it more legitimate. This would increase the potential of this tool in terms of ownership and relevance to the investigated situation. Indeed, an RPG is more legitimate for players who participated in its construction because it will provide a representation of the situation and of possible actions panel in accordance with their own mental patterns.
