The identification and diagnosis of delirium in older adults: Which rapid detection tools should we use?
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2022
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Boris Andorra et al., « The identification and diagnosis of delirium in older adults: Which rapid detection tools should we use? », Gériatrie et Psychologie Neuropsychiatrie du Vieillissement, ID : 10670/1.48bd4c...
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Delirium is very common in hospitalized older patients and associated with serious clinical outcomes, notably increased risk of functional decline and death. Despite its high prevalence in the hospital setting, delirium is still underdiagnosed. Improved identification methods would allow early management and a reduction of its complications. To achieve this, the validation of formalized, quick, and easy-to-use tools for the identification of delirium and their implementation in clinical practice are necessary. The objective of this narrative review is to describe the available tools for delirium identification most commonly used in clinical practice and in research, including those that are quick to very quick to use (i.e., under three minutes). This review identified four tools frequently used internationally (CAM, DRS-R-98, DOSS, MDAS). Their completion time varies from 5 to 30 minutes. There are rapid or very rapid tools with very good diagnostic performance. Among them, the 4AT, the 3D-CAM, and the UB-CAM seem particularly promising. These latter tools could be effectively implemented at the national level, but validating studies still need to be conducted in French.
