Comment l'État et la Banque mondiale gèrent les déplacements de populations à Mumbai

Résumé 0

How the State and the World Bank Govern Population Movements in Mumbai The new architecture of governance in countries that have borrowed from the IMF and the World Bank entails, on the one hand, an increasing transnationalisation of the state and, on the other, the involvement of supranational as well as subnational non-state actors in the making and implementation of soft law and policy. Among its consequences are a diffusion of power, a dilution of accountability and legal uncertainty as a result of a plurality of competing norms of different origin. These developments are ambivalent in their effects on state sovereignty and citizenship rights with policy being negotiated between international financial organisations and the national executive without either legislative deliberation or public debate. Unable to influence policy-making or implentation, protest by citizens turns to a judicial contestation both in state courts and international bodies, like the Inspection Panel of the World Bank. The chapter delineates some of these shifts in the constellation of governance and the practice of citizenship rights using ethnographic material from a World Bank financed urban infrastructure project being currently implemented in the city of Mumbai. It analyses overlapping sovereignties and fragmentation of citizenship rights along with the pragmatic judicial politics of slumdwelllers in their quest for justice.