1994
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Joseph Coleman Carter, « Risorse agricole della costa ionica (Metaponto e Crotone) in età romana », Publications de l'École Française de Rome, ID : 10670/1.6imf89
This paper traces the evolution of the territories of Metaponto and Croton from the fourth century B.C. to the fourth century A.D. The thesis of A. Toynbee - that Southern Italy became a desert inhabited only by sheep and slaves as a consequence of Hannibal's campaigns - is examined in the light of intensive archaeological research in the countryside and shown to be substantially inaccurate for these areas. The argument here is based on large scale field surveys, excavation of rural sites and the study of preserved plant (seeds and pollen) and animal remains. The approach is chronological and the focus is on Metaponto where research has been more complete.