2 mars 2015
Luc PETERSCHMITT, « Une chimie non matérialiste est-elle possible? : L'interprétation phénoméniste de la chimie selon Berkeley », Système d'information en philosophie des sciences, ID : 10670/1.701017...
The aim of the paper is to examine from a critical point of view Berkeley’s philosophy of chemistry, given his refutation of the existence of a material substance. This helps to distinguish three kinds of materialism : a methodological materialism (explanation in chemistry should rest only on corporeal causes), an ontological materialism (chemistry supposes the existence of a material substance), a metaphysical materialism (everything that exists, including soul, is material and can be accounted for from a chemical point of view). According Berkeley, the only legitimate materialism is the first one. The two others do not necessarily follow from it. Even if it can be doubted that Berkeley succeeds in grounding chemistry, his arguments show that the ontological materialism and [i]a fortiori[/i] the metaphysical ones cannot be directly deduced from the bare existence of a chemical science whichwould presuppose them as its grounds in the XVIIIth century. L. P.