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25 septembre 2020
- ISIDORE Id: 10670/1.80df84...
- hal: hal-02990265
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
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Homo primogenicus Homo neanderthalensis Homo sapiens neanderthalensis Neanderthalers Neandertals Neandertalers Neanderthal race Homo mousteriensis Chromosome theoryCiter ce document
Martin Petr et al., « The evolutionary history of Neanderthal and Denisovan Y chromosomes », HAL SHS (Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société), ID : 10670/1.80df84...
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Ancient DNA has allowed the study of human history in previously unseen detail. However, we lack comprehensive studies of the Y chromosomes of Denisovans and Neanderthals. Sequencing Y chromosomes from two Denisovans and three Neanderthals shows that the Y chromosomes of Denisovans split around 700 thousand years ago from a lineage shared by Neanderthals and modern human Y chromosomes, which diverged from each other around 370 thousand years ago. The phylogenetic relationships of archaic and modern human Y chromosomes differ from the population relationships inferred from the autosomal genomes and mirror mitochondrial DNA phylogenies, indicating replacement of both the mitochondrial and Y chromosomal gene pools in late Neanderthals. This replacement is plausible if the low effective population size of Neanderthals resulted in an increased genetic load in Neanderthals relative to modern humans.
