28 mai 2025
Thierry MARTIN, « Problèmes théoriques et pratiques en biologie évolutionnaire : 4e conférence Duhem de la SPS », Système d'information en philosophie des sciences, ID : 10670/1.9a83b8...
What are the philosophical issues raised by contemporary developments of evolutionary biology, both from a theoretical and a practical point of view? This booklet, published out of the 4th Duhem conference of the Société de philosophie des sciences, deals with this question. The philosopher of biology Jean Gayon analyses the epistemological status of biological theories focusing attention on the evolutionary theory and its status as a theory. Two philosophers of science, Jean-Sébastien Bolduc and Christian Sachse, comment Gayon’s talk and discuss more specifically the concept of law in biology and the unifying value of evolutionary theory. The evolutionary biologist Isabelle Olivieri shifts from a purely theoretical-approach and investigates the practical applications of evolutionary biology and their ethical consequences, in particular in the domain of social sciences, in psychology, and in medicine. The comments from two philosophers of science, Marck Kirsch and Olivier Morin, focus on the epistemological and ethical problems regarding the transition from evolutionary biology to its practical applications, the latter being rarely ideologically neutral. This booklet thus provides two complementary analyses of several essential problems for philosophers in evolutionary biology. – Table of contents, 7 ; Authors, 9-10 ; Preface by Thierry Martin, 11-12 ; « De la portée des théories biologiques », by Jean Gayon, 13-41 ; Comments and answers, 42-52 ; « Applications de la biologie évolutionnaire et quelques problèmes éthiques associés », by Isabelle Olivieri, 53-78 ; Comments and answers, 79-93 ; Bibliography, 95-107 ; Index, 109-113. F. M.