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- handle: 10670/1.9zduws
- halshs: halshs-03953963
- doi: 10.1257/app.20200703
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1257/app.20200703
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D - Microeconomics/D.D3 - Distribution/D.D3.D31 - Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions E - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics/E.E0 - General/E.E0.E01 - Measurement and Data on National Income and Product Accounts and Wealth • Environmental Accounts H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue/H.H2.H23 - Externalities • Redistributive Effects • Environmental Taxes and Subsidies H - Public Economics/H.H2 - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue/H.H2.H24 - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies H - Public Economics/H.H5 - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies/H.H5.H50 - General I - Health, Education, and Welfare/I.I3 - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty/I.I3.I38 - Government Policy • Provision and Effects of Welfare ProgramsSujets proches
Grants Subventions Vouchers (Subsidies) Corporate subsidies Welfare, Corporate Government subsidies Business subsidies Corporate welfare Government aid Federal aidCiter ce document
Thomas Blanchet et al., « Why Is Europe More Equal than the United States? », HAL-SHS : économie et finance, ID : 10.1257/app.20200703
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Résumé
This article combines all available data to produce pretax and post-tax income inequality series in 26 European countries from 1980 to 2017. Our estimates are consistent with macroeconomic growth and comparable with US distributional national accounts. Inequality grew in nearly all European countries, but much less than in the US. Contrary to a widespread view, we demonstrate that Europe’s lower inequality levels cannot be explained by more equalizing tax and transfer systems. After accounting for indirect taxes and in-kind transfers, the US redistributes a greater share of national income to low-income groups than any European country. “Predistribution,” not “redistribution,” explains why Europe is less unequal than the United States. (JEL D31, E01, H23, H24, H50, I38)