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18 janvier 2011
- ISIDORE Id: 10670/1.c39b8c...
- halshs: halshs-00557112
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
Mots-clés
international trade Income distribution PovertySujets proches
Social inequality Social equality Inequality EgalitarianismCiter ce document
Julien Gourdon et al., « Openness, Inequality, and Poverty: Endowments Matter », HAL SHS (Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société), ID : 10670/1.c39b8c...
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Résumé
Using tariffs as a measure of openness, this paper finds consistent evidence that the conditional effects of trade liberalization on inequality are correlated with relative factor endowments. Trade liberalization, measured by changes in tariff revenues, is associated with increases in inequality in countries well-endowed in highly skilled workers and capital or with workers that have very low education levels. Similar, though less robust, results are also obtained when decile data are used instead of the usual Gini coefficients. Taken together, the results are strongly supportive of the factor-proportions theory of trade and suggest that trade liberalization in poor countries where the share of the labor force with little education is high raises inequality. Simulation results also suggest that relatively small changes in inequality as measured by aggregate measures of inequality like the Gini coefficient are magnified when estimates are carried out using decile data.
