2019
info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
Damien Carraz, « Un érudit méconnu et peu reconnu. Jean Raybaud († 1752), archivaire et historien de l’ordre de Malte », HAL SHS (Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société), ID : 10670/1.c8163f...
Born into a family of notaries from Arles, the Order of Malta’s archivist and historian Jean Raybaud is a barely known and appreciated scholar. His Histoire des grands prieurs et du prieuré de Saint-Gilles, only known by a handful of historians, has perhaps suffered from the mediocrity of the early twentieth-century printed edition: it not only expunged from the original manuscript several developments but, especially, an entire volume of primary materials. Working at the very heart of the Grand Priory of St Gilles’ archives, Raybaud could access a rich documentary collection and see many pieces of which disappeared after his death. He owed his archival practices and historical methods to his legal training, his close association with the Maurist monks and other leading intellectuals of the time, as well as the Hospital’s own historiographical memory. Determined to endow posterity with the Knights of Malta’s glorious exploits, Raybaud did not, however, succumb to a triumphalist narrative, his historical consciousness resisting the lure of the legendary. Paying close attention to both individuals and sources, his writing illustrates, on the contrary, the importance of archives in the shaping of a new form of history. In the spirit of the time, he did not restrict himself to the Order of Malta’s charters and other old documents, but investigated other kinds of sources such as seals, inscriptions, and monuments.