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13 novembre 2024
- ISIDORE Id: 10670/1.e28147...
- hal: hal-04839711
- doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-78053-7
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41598-024-78053-7
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ , info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
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Vincent Berthet et al., « A common factor underlying individual differences in confirmation bias », HAL SHS (Sciences de l’Homme et de la Société), ID : 10.1038/s41598-024-78053-7
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When they are asked to test a given hypothesis, individuals tend to be biased towards confirming evidence. This phenomenon has been documented on different cognitive components: information search, weighing of evidence, and memory recall. However, the interpretation of these observations has been debated, and it remains unclear whether they truly reflect a confirmation bias (as opposed to e.g., a bias towards positive information). In the present study we aimed at evaluating whether these biases might be subtended by a common factor. We adapted three classic experimental paradigms on hypothesis testing (Wason selection task, 2-4-6 task, and interviewee task) and examined the relation between these biases using an individual differences approach. Participants (N = 200) completed a total of nine behavioral tasks, in which each component of confirmation bias was measured in each of the three experimental paradigms. Correlations and factor analyses within a multitrait–multimethod framework indicated greater convergence of bias scores within each component across paradigms, than within experimental paradigms. This suggests that a common factor underlies the different measurements of confirmation bias across experimental paradigms, at least to some extent. In these paradigms, thus, biases towards confirming evidence may truly reflect a confirmation bias.
