Entre Exit et Voice : les conflits du travail dans les entreprises publiques chinoises

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Between Exit and Voice: Labor Conflicts in Chinese Public Enterprises This article is a study of the specificity of labor conflicts in contemporary Chinese public enterprises. Its analysis is based on comparison of two cases : a purely public enterprise and a joint-venture with a multinational group. The employee mobilizations studied here reveal significant evolution since the major restructuring of the 1990s. Labor law is no longer simply a tool in the service of business policy ; it has become a resource used by employees to express their own interests. In open collective conflicts, it is seized upon in support of mobilization but it also allows for more individual strategies of mobility faced with what employees perceive as incoherent managerial policies. The discussion draws upon the classic exit/voice categories developed by Albert Hirschman to analyze the spectrum of mobilization, which ranges from open collective conflict to individual mobility.