El comportamiento de la demanda de tabaco en México: 1992-1998

Résumé 0

"Objective. This paper aims at describing the behavior oftobacco’s demand in Mexico across four one-year periods:1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998, as well as to estimate a cigarettedemand function. Material and Methods. A crosssectionalstudy with longitudinal analysis was conducted.Information sources were the Encuesta Nacional de Ingresoy Gasto de los Hogares (ENIGH) (National Survey ofHousehold Income and Spending) (NHSIS) and the tobaccopack prices reported by the Procuraduría Federal delConsumidor (Profeco) (Federal Office of Consumer’sProtection) (FOCP). Spending, income, and prices weredeflated to 1994 prices; the population was stratified intoquintiles of real income, by rural and urban areas. Indicatorsof daily consumption of cigarettes and packs were constructedand prices per pack calculated. Adjusted prevalencefigures were estimated. Logistic and linear regression modelswere used for statistical inference; a cigarette demandfunction was estimated using multivariate logistic regression,to find socioeconomic determinants of cigarette consumption.Results. The adjusted prevalence of household tobaccospending fell from 22.4 to 9.9% between 1992 and 1998.Households allocated more than 4% of their income totobacco consumption. A trend between income level andcigarette spending was observed, with the first quintile (thepoorest population) allocated a greater share of their incomethan higher quintiles. The average daily consumption ofcigarettes increased from 7.5 to 9.8 between 1992 and 1998.It was estimated that 90% of “smoker homes” consumedup to one package per day. The proportion of non-filtercigarettes increased from 0.4 to 4.8% between 1992-1998,with a bigger increase in 1996. Finally, it was found that themost important determinants of spending were prices andincome. Conclusions. Policies focusing on tobacco priceswould help to reduce tobacco consumption and improvethe health of the Mexican population."