Reconnecting neighbourhoods with ecosystem functioning: Analysis of solutions from six international case studies
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26 novembre 2021
- handle: 10670/1.hn7ukf
- hal: hal-03524527
- doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103558
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Urban planning Cities and towns--Planning Land use, Urban--Planning Urban development Redevelopment, Urban Land use, Urban--Management Slum clearance Civic planning Model cities Urban design City planning--Government policy Town planningCiter ce document
Eduardo Blanco et al., « Reconnecting neighbourhoods with ecosystem functioning: Analysis of solutions from six international case studies », HAL-SHS : architecture, ID : 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103558
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Résumé
Urban design organises and transforms the space, reflecting human context on cities' shape. Since modernism, designers draw urban projects with the goal to improve cities performances based on a mechanistic worldview, in which living systems are almost not considered. This paradigm led to urbanisation that is prominent in ecological process simplification and biodiversity loss. Different emerging urban design frameworks engage with the challenge of integrating ecological information on the design of sustainable urban projects, using this knowledge to guide intervention choices. With a growing application in practice, as through regenerative design and biomimicry, there is still a lack of knowledge on how ecological urban projects operationalise their engagements. We explored this question with a case study approach, generating hypotheses on the topic. We identified that projects focus on reducing human pressures over the ecosystems instead of regenerating the ecosystem's structure. Furthermore, projects mainly deal with energy and material flows. We identified a taxonomy of 36 urban strategies that could inform new design tools. Finally, we argue that the ecosystem biophysical structure needs to be better addressed on urban projects, and that projects would benefit from better articulation between solutions to reduce human pressures with those regenerating the ecosystem state.