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- handle: 10670/1.jvfyhj
- halshs: halshs-02089593
- doi: 10.17791/jcs.2018.19.4.417
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info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.17791/jcs.2018.19.4.417
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Mots-clés
lexical semantics lexicographic definition Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicology lexicographic methodologySujets proches
Language and languages--Lexicology English language--LexicologyCiter ce document
Mel’čuk Igor et al., « Theory and Practice of Lexicographic Definition », HAL-SHS : linguistique, ID : 10.17791/jcs.2018.19.4.417
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Résumé
The paper offers a rigorous characterization of the notion of lexicographic definition: a minimal paraphrase formulated in the same language as the word defined and satisfying six lexicographic principles, which are formulated and discussed. The major types of semantic components in a lexicographic definition are identified and described: firstly, central vs. peripheral components, semantic-class marking components, presuppositional components, actant-specification components, weak components, and metaphor-marking components; secondly, conjunctive and disjunctive components. Three additional topics are introduced: the roles that the definition plays in a lexical entry (accounting for the semantic, syntactic and lexically restricted cooccurrence of the headword); lexical units whose definition is problematic; lexical connotations and semantic labels. Though the perspective offered on lexicographic definition is theory-oriented-within the framework of Explanatory Combinatorial Lexicology (ECL)-, a strong emphasis is put on the writing of actual definitions, a couple dozen of which is proposed and analyzed.